• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention preferably relates to a smoking article which is capable of producing substantial quantities of aerosol, both initially and over the useful life of the product, without significant thermal degradation of the aerosol former and without the presence of substantial pyrolysis or incomplete combustion products or sidestream aerosol. The article of the present invention is able to provide the user with the sensations and benefits of cigarette smoking without the substantial combustion products produced by burning tobacco in a conventional cigarette. In addition, the article may be made virtually ashless so that the user does not have to remove any ash during use. Preferred embodiments of the present smoking article comprise a short combustible carbonaceous fuel element (10), a heat stable, preferably particulate alumina, substrate (14) bearing an aerosol forming substance, an efficient insulating means (16), and a relatively long mouthend piece (22). The fuel element (10) is provided with a plurality of peripheral passageways (11) which provides heat transfer from the burning fuel element to the aerosol generating means while reducing levels of carbon monoxide in the aerosol generated and delivered to the user.
    公开号:SU1724000A3
    申请号:SU874203882
    申请日:1987-12-08
    公开日:1992-03-30
    发明作者:Франклин Криерман Джэк；Ли Реск Джеймс；Джильберт Фарриер Эрнест；Бенсон Норман Алан；Пенс Ферин Оливия；Кэмпбелл Сквайерс Вилльям
    申请人:Рдж.Рейнольдс Тобакко Компани (Фирма)；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    This invention relates to an improved smoking article that produces an aerosol that is similar to tobacco smoke and contains no more than the minimum amount of products of incomplete combustion or pyrolysis.
    The object of the invention is to reduce the amount of toxic substances released during smoking by reducing the amount of carbon monoxide produced.
    FIG. Figure 1 shows a longitudinal section of a preferred smoking agent using a fuel cell made according to the invention; in fig. 2 - fuel cell, longitudinal section; in fig. 3-11 show several preferred embodiments of the fuel cell from the end to be lit; in fig. 12 is another possible embodiment of a fuel cell from a burning end.
    The smoking agent includes a carbonaceous fuel cell 1 at the end of the combustion, having a length of less than 30 mm and longitudinal channels 2 on or near its peripheral surface, and a mouthpiece 3 on the opposite side and separate means creating an aerosol comprising the substrate 4 carrying one or more aerosol forming substance, for example, polyhydric alcohols such as glycerin or propylene glycol. The outer surface of the fuel cell 1 is covered by an elastic sheath 5 of insulating filaments, like glass. The mouth end of the fuel cell 1 is blocked by a metal cap |
    hO О О
    Oh oh

    s
    a sludge 6 in which the aerosol generating agent is enclosed.
    Capsule 6 is surrounded by a sheath 7 of tobacco. At the mouth end of the capsule, in the center of the corrugated tube there are slotted openings 8.
    At the mouth end of the tobacco casing 7, there is a mouthpiece element comprising an annular cellulose acetate section 9 and a segment of a rounded non-woven polypropylene mesh. The cigarette or part thereof is wrapped with one or more layers of 10-16 cigarette paper forming a wrapper.
    FIG. Figure 2 shows the arrangement of channels 2 on the fuel cell in a preferred embodiment of the invention. On the peripheral surface of the fuel cell 1, there are four sets of adjacent channels (or recesses) 2, each of which is located on the outer part and rotated 90 ° relative to the other. In each group, adjacent grooves are separated from each other by a small protrusion 17 of carbon.
    During the combustion of the fuel cell 1 of FIG. 2 or similar fuel cells, the small protrusions 17 of carbon gradually burn out (to the point of contact with the conductive capsule 6) and the two channels merge into one large. The resulting burned-out fuel cell (Fig. 2) has four large channels located at the same distance, passing from the end to the insertion point of the element into the capsule 6.
    Fuel cells of this type allow for better dilution with air of aerosols delivered to the smoker, therefore, the effective amount of carbon monoxide delivered to the smoker is reduced. Fuel cells of this type are also capable of very quickly transferring heat to an aerosol generating agent, whereby early delivery of aerosols is ensured. The diameter of the fuel cell is not more than 6 mm.
    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the fuel cell 1 has four sets of adjacent channels 2, each pair of channels located on its periphery, two pairs located in close proximity to one another, and two are located at an angle of approximately 120 ° from the wider protrusion 18 of carbon separating two closely spaced pairs.
    As for the two closely spaced pairs of channels, the large width protrusion 18 separating these channels begins
    burn out slowly (i.e., only after a few puffs). In contrast, inside each pair, a small protrusion 17 dividing adjacent channels burns out quickly, due to which both channels merge into one wider one. As described in the previous embodiment, the projections fade only to the point of contact with the capsule 6.
    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4, the fuel cell 1 has three pairs of adjacent channels 2, each pair located on its peripheral surface at an angle of 120 ° to the other. Inside each pair, adjacent channels are separated from each other by a small protrusion 17, due to which during the combustion of the fuel cell 1 both channels merge into one large (to the point of contact with the capsule). As a result of the burning of the fuel cell, three channels located at the same distance from each other, passing from the burning end of the cigarette to the opposite unlit one.
    The fuel cell of FIG. 4 also contains an additional channel 19 located coaxially with the longitudinal axis of the fuel cell 1 and having a cross shape that runs from the ignition to the unburned end of the fuel cell 1. The fuel cells with such a channel light very quickly and produce a low level of CO.
    As shown in Figures 2-4, the open channels may vary in size, number and location at the periphery of the fuel cell. The depth of the channels is approximately from 0.005 (0.13) to 0.10 inches (2.5 mm), preferably from 0.010 (0.25) to 0.050 inches (1.3 mm), most preferably from 0.025 (0.62 mm) to 0.035 inch (0.88 mm).
    The width of each channel can be from 0.005 (0.13) to 0.05 inches (1.3 mm), preferably from 0.010 (0.25) to 0.025 inches (0.64 mm), most preferably from 0.014 (0, 35) up to 0.020 inch (0.50 mm).
    The width of the protrusion separating adjacent channels can vary from 0.012 (0.3) to 0.040 inch: (1.0 mm), preferably from 0.015 (0.38) to 0.030 inch (0.76 mm), most preferably from 0.020 (0.51) to 0.025 in. (0.64 mm). When two pairs of adjacent channels are arranged side by side (for example, as in FIG. 3), then the large protrusion is about twice as wide as the protrusion separating the adjacent channels.
    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the fuel cell 1 has ten channels 2 located around its periphery. During the combustion of this fuel cell, the protrusions separating each pair of channels gradually fade (except for
    the area introduced into the capsule), while ensuring an increase in air flow and an increase in the degree of air dilution of the aerosol stream.
    Other preferred embodiments of the invention are shown in FIG. 6-10. In these fuel cells, the longitudinal channels 2 are located near the peripheral surface of the fuel cell 1. In preferred embodiments of this type, the fuel cell also has at least one longitudinally passing channel 19 centrally. In these fuel cells, the channels along the periphery burn out, forming open channels in during the burnout of the fuel cell (at least at its burning end). This burnability is defined both by the size (i.e. diameter) and the proximity of the outer holes to the periphery of the element being burned (thickness of the outer wrapper).
    The diameter of these holes may be from 0.015 (0.38) to 0.045 inch (1.14 mm), preferably from 0.020 (0.51) to 0.040 inch (1.0 mm), more preferably from 0.025 (0.64) up to 0.039 inches (0.99 mm).
    It has been found that when the outer wrapper is less than 0.025 inch (0.62 mm), preferably less than 0.015 inch (0.38 mm), more preferably less than 0.010 inch (0.25 mm), most preferably less than 0.006 inch (0.15 mm ) the required combustion characteristics and low level of CO are provided.
    In the embodiment of FIG. 6, the fuel cell 1 is provided with three pairs of adjacent longitudinal channels 2, each pair located near the periphery of this element, at an angle of 120 °. In each pair, the adjacent longitudinal channels are separated by a small gap of 20 carbon, which. burns out during the combustion of the fuel cell, due to which adjacent holes merge. In addition, the outer wrap 11 of the carbon of the fuel cell has a maluye thickness, due to which the longitudinal holes also quickly burn out along the periphery of the burned cell, forming large open channels. Fuel cells that have this type of configuration also light up very quickly and provide a low level of CO.
    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the fuel cell 1 is provided with four longitudinally passing channels 2, each of which is located near the peripheral surface and at an angle of 90 ° to the other. The fuel cell is also provided with one centrally located longitudinal channel 19. In the most preferred
    In a variant of this type of fuel cell, a gap of 20 carbon between the peripheral channels 2 and the central longitudinal channel 19 (i.e., the internal
    carbon wrapper 11) and carbon layer 21 located between the peripheral channels 2 and the periphery of the fuel cell 1 (i.e., the outer wrapper 11) are approximately the same size.
    0 During the combustion of this fuel cell, the outer wrapper quickly burns out, leaving four channels open, passing along the peripheral surface of the fuel cell to the point of contact with
    5 capsule, i.e. on the length of the fuel cell (outside the capsule),
    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the fuel cell 1 is equipped with two groups of adjacent longitudinal
    0 channels 2, each group is located near the periphery of an angle of 180 ° to the other. Within each group, the adjacent longitudinal channels 2 are separated from one another by a small gap of carbon, due to which
    5, fuel cell combustion adjacent channels 2 are merged together. In addition, these channels are separated from the outer surface of the element by a layer of carbon, due to which channels 2 quickly burn out through the outer
    0 11 carbon wrap to the periphery, forming one large channel. Fuel cells having such an arrangement of channels easily ignite and give a small amount of CO. FIG. Figure 9 shows the most preferred location of the channels along the periphery. In this embodiment, the fuel cell is provided with seven channels located in the central part of the fuel cell, i.e. one channel 19 centered and
    0 six channels 22 in the central part. Next, the fuel cell is equipped with six small longitudinal peripheral channels 2, each of which is located approximately midway between
    5 by the periphery of the fuel cell and by each of the six channels 22.
    When this fuel cell burns out, the gap between the small peripheral channels 2 and the periphery
    The fuel cell 0 slowly burns out, inevitably the income of up to six channels passing along the incomplete length of the burned element outside the capsule. In addition, carbon between the seven channels 19 and 22 quickly burns out, forming one large central channel. Fuel cells 1 with such a channel configuration quickly ignite and produce less CO compared to similar fuel cells that do not have peripheral channels 2.
    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 10, the fuel cell is provided with twelve longitudinal peripheral channels 2, each of which is located approximately in the middle of the distance between the periphery of the fuel cell and the outer edge of the three channels 22 located in the central part of the triangle.
    When this fuel cell burns out, the gap between the outer channels 2 and the periphery of the fuel cell slowly burns out, inevitably caused twelve channels to pass the incomplete length of the fuel cell outside the capsule. In addition, carbon between the central channels 22 burns out quickly, thus forming one large central channel. Fuel cells with such an arrangement of channels are also easily ignited and produce a small amount of CO compared to similar elements that do not have peripheral holes.
    FIG. 11 shows another fuel cell 1 suitable for use with the smoking means of FIG. 1. The fuel element 1 is equipped with three narrow central channels 22 and three peripherally spaced channels at the same distance from each other 2. A fuel element of this type is easily ignited; it gives a good aerosol output and low CO output.
    During ignition, the fuel cell of the invention begins to burn, giving heat that is used to volatilize the substance forming the aerosol present in the aerosol generating means. Since the fuel cell is relatively short, the hot cone is always close to the means creating the aerosol. This proximity to the burning cone, as well as the presence of many peripheral channels that increase the burning rate, contributes to the transfer of heat from the burning fuel cell to the aerosol generating means.
    The amount of heat supplied to the aerosol generating facility is sufficient to form the required amount of aerosol without decomposing the aerosol forming substance.
    Heat transfer may be carried out using a heat-conducting element, such as a metal foil or a metal capsule, surrounding an aerosol generating means that contacts or connects the fuel cell and the aerosol generating means. Preferably this element is recessed, i.e. located at least 3 mm from
    the burning end of the fuel cell, preferably at a distance of 5 mm or more in order to avoid interaction with the ignition and combustion of the fuel cell and not to protrude after the entire fuel cell has been used up.
    Heat transfer can also be accomplished by using an insulating element that overlaps at the periphery of at least part of the fuel cell, as well as at least part of the aerosol generating means. Such an insulating element provides good aerosol generation by maintaining and supplying a large part of the heat generated in the fuel cell to the aerosol generating means.
    Since the aerosol forming substance is physically distant from the fuel cell and since the number, location or configuration of the channels (or their combination) in the fuel cell allows control of the heat transfer from the glowing fuel cell to the aerosol generating agent, the aerosol forming substance is subjected to the action of substantially lower temperatures than those arising in the fuel cell, thereby minimizing the possibility of its thermal decomposition. This also leads to the formation of aerosols exclusively during the spinning process. In addition, when using a carbon fuel cell, the possibility of pyrolysis or the presence of products of incomplete combustion and aerosol spraying to the side is minimized. Due to the small size of the fuel cell made according to the invention, this cell ignites along its entire length for a few puffs. Consequently, this portion of the fuel cell, which is located near the aerosol generating means, is rapidly ignited, which contributes to increased heat transfer towards the aerosol generating means, especially at the beginning and middle of smoking a cigarette.
    The transfer of heat and, therefore, the release of aerosols is particularly enhanced due to the presence of multiple channels in the fuel cell, which provide for the rapid passage of gas to the aerosol generating means, especially during the process. Since the fuel cell is relatively short, there is no long section of the unburned cell that acts as a heat sink in the known smoking aerosol means.
    In preferred embodiments of the invention, the short carbon
    The fuel cell 1, the heat-conducting element in the form of a capsule 6, the insulating sheath 5 and the channels 2, 19 and 22 in the fuel cell are combined with aerosol generating means into a system that is capable of producing a sufficient amount of aerosols in response to each pulling. The proximity of the burning cone to the aerosol production facility after several puffs, as well as the presence of an insulating shell, contributes to high heat transfer both during puffing and during a relatively long period of smoldering between puffs.
    In general, the fuel cells of the invention have a diameter not exceeding that of a conventional cigarette (i.e., less than or equal to 8 mm) and less than 30 mm in length. Preferably, the fuel cell would be 15 mm or less, preferably 10 mm or less . The diameter of the fuel cell should be 2-8 mm, preferably 4-6 mm.
    Fuel cells with a different cross-sectional shape (other than round), such as square, rectangular, oval or similar, may be used. In these cases, the maximum cross section size should be 8 mm. Therefore, the maximum cross-sectional area of the burning end of the fuel cell should be approximately 64 mm2.
    The density of the fuel cell material is in the range of 0.7-1.5 g / cm 3, preferably 0.7 g / cm 3, more preferably about 0.85 g / cm 3.
    The preferred material used to make the fuel cell is carbon. It is desirable that the carbon content of the fuel cell material is at least 60-70%, more preferably 80% by weight or more. A high carbon content is more preferable, since it contributes to minimal pyrolysis and minimal amount of pyrolysis products and incomplete combustion, low or invisible side smoke, minimal ash and high heat capacity. However, a low carbon content also falls within the scope of the invention. For example, fuel cells that contain from 50 to 60% by weight of carbon can be used, especially with a small amount of tobacco, tobacco extract, or a non-combustible inert filler.
    In addition, other fuel materials, such as molded or extruded tobacco, reconstituted tobacco, tobacco substitutes and similar substances, can be used, provided that they generate and provide a sufficient amount of heat delivered to the facility.
    aerosols in order to obtain the required amount of aerosols, as indicated. The density of the fuel cell is preferably more than 0.7 g / cm 3, more preferably more than
    0.85 g / cm, which is higher than the density of conventional fuel cells in smoking products. When using other materials, it is much more desirable to include carbon in the composition of the fuel material, preferably in an amount of at least 20 to 40 wt.%, More preferably from 65 to 70 wt.%, And the ratio with other components must be maintained. including all
    binding, modifiers of burning, moisture, etc.
    The carbon materials used in the fuel cell can be derived from any carbon source,
    known in the art. It is desirable that the carbon material be formed by pyrolysis or carbonization of cellulosic materials, such as wood, cotton, rayon, tobacco, coconut,
    paper, etc., although carbon materials from other sources can be used.
    The present smoking agent by reducing the amount of
    carbon monoxide will reduce the toxicity of smoke emitted during smoking.
    权利要求:
    Claims (4)
    [1]
    Invention Formula
    one,. Smoking agent containing
    at the end of the combustion, a carbonaceous fuel cell with a length of less than 30 mm with longitudinal channels, and at the opposite end, a mouthpiece and a separate means creating an aerosol, characterized in that
    reducing the amount of toxic substances released during smoking, by reducing the amount of carbon monoxide produced, the longitudinal channels are located on the peripheral surface of the fuel
    item or near it.
    [2]
    2. A means according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel cell has an additional channel located coaxially with its longitudinal axis.
    [3]
    3. The tool according to claim 1, in accordance with the fact that the fuel cell has additional channels in the central part.
    [4]
    4. A tool according to claim 1, characterized in that the diameter of the fuel cell is not more than 6 mm.
    FIG. 2
    Fig.Z
    Rig. h
    Phage. five
    Fig.Z
    FIG. W
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    SU1724000A3|1992-03-30|Smoking means
    US5345951A|1994-09-13|Smoking article
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    AU624399B2|1992-06-11|Smoking article
    US5076292A|1991-12-31|Smoking article
    EP0337508B1|1995-08-23|A carbonaceous fuel element for a smoking article
    US5105831A|1992-04-21|Smoking article with conductive aerosol chamber
    CA2049807C|2002-07-23|Smoking article
    SU1667623A3|1991-07-30|Cigarette
    US5020548A|1991-06-04|Smoking article with improved fuel element
    KR0172145B1|1999-02-18|Smoking article
    CA2008436C|1999-07-13|Improvements to smoking articles
    US4991606A|1991-02-12|Smoking article
    US4732168A|1988-03-22|Smoking article employing heat conductive fingers
    US4928714A|1990-05-29|Smoking article with embedded substrate
    US5119834A|1992-06-09|Smoking article with improved substrate
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    IE60777B1|1994-08-10|
    TR23070A|1989-02-21|
    ZA878843B|1988-05-26|
    BG47023A3|1990-04-16|
    PH23830A|1989-11-23|
    EG18219A|1992-09-30|
    HU202389B|1991-03-28|
    MA21128A1|1988-07-01|
    CN87105964A|1988-06-22|
    DK644987A|1988-06-10|
    CN1015228B|1992-01-01|
    IL84483A|1991-05-12|
    YU221287A|1989-04-30|
    US4989619A|1991-02-05|
    FI875409A0|1987-12-09|
    DE3777105D1|1992-04-09|
    CZ893387A3|1993-04-14|
    GR3004491T3|1993-03-31|
    KR880007018A|1988-08-26|
    MX163155B|1991-09-11|
    PL156038B1|1992-01-31|
    YU46240B|1993-05-28|
    PL269332A1|1988-09-29|
    HUT51118A|1990-04-28|
    IE873153L|1988-06-09|
    IL84483D0|1988-04-29|
    AU8201187A|1988-06-09|
    PT86300B|1990-11-07|
    JPS63164875A|1988-07-08|
    NO165784B|1991-01-02|
    BR8706670A|1988-07-19|
    DK171264B1|1996-08-19|
    CA1295203C|1992-02-04|
    AT72947T|1992-03-15|
    KR960015643B1|1996-11-20|
    JP2919835B2|1999-07-19|
    FI82357C|1991-03-11|
    SK277830B6|1995-04-12|
    PT86300A|1988-01-01|
    FI875409A|1988-06-10|
    CZ278126B6|1993-09-15|
    AU604799B2|1991-01-03|
    NO875104L|1988-06-10|
    DD264612A5|1989-02-08|
    DK644987D0|1987-12-08|
    SK893387A3|1995-04-12|
    EP0271036B1|1992-03-04|
    NO165784C|1991-04-10|
    FI82357B|1990-11-30|
    EP0271036A3|1989-01-25|
    EP0271036A2|1988-06-15|
    ES2031112T3|1992-12-01|
    NO875104D0|1987-12-08|
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    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    US07/939,592|US4989619A|1985-08-26|1986-12-09|Smoking article with improved fuel element|
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